NavSource Online: Aircraft Carrier
Photo Archive
Courtesy of Robert
Sourisseau
USS ESSEX (CV-9)
(later CVA-9 and
CVS-9)
Flag
Hoist/Radio Call Sign: November - Alpha - Golf - Oscar
Tactical Voice Radio Call: "BANKNOTE"
http://www.navsource.org/archives/02/09.htm |
Unit Awards,
Campaign and Service Medals and Ribbons
Precedence of awards is from top to bottom, left to right
Top Row: Presidential Unit Citation / Navy Unit
Commendation
2nd Row: Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation / Navy
Expeditionary Service Medal / China Service Medal (extended)
3rd Row: American Campaign Medal / Asiatic-Pacific
Campaign Medal (13 stars) / World War II Victory Medal
4th Row: Navy Occupation Service Medal
("Asia" clasp) / National Defense Service Medal (2)
/ Korean Service Medal (4 stars)
5th Row: Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (4) /
Philippine Presidential Unit Citation / Korean Presidential
Unit Citation
6th Row: Philippine Liberation Medal (2 stars) / United
Nations Korean Medal / Republic of Korea War Service Medal
(retroactive)
Essex
Class Aircraft Carrier |
Ordered
| Laid down
| Launched
| Commissioned
| Decommissioned
| Stricken
|
3 Jul 1940 |
28 Apr 1941 |
31 Jul 1942 |
31 Dec 1942
15 Jan 1951 |
9 Jan 1947
30 Jun 1969 |
1 Jun 1973 |
Builder: Newport News
Shipbuilding & Drydock Co., Newport News, Va. |
- Named for three previous, famous U.S.
warships of that name. Essex is a town and county in
Massachusetts.
- Launched on Friday, July 31, 1942. Sponsored by Mrs.
Artemus L. Gates (née Alice Davison), wife of the
Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Air.
- Reconstructed to SCB-27A design by the Puget Sound Naval
Shipyard. Work began in February 1949; recommissioned in
January 1951.
- Essex was the first carrier to launch F2H Banshee
twin-jet fighters on combat missions, 23 August 1951.
- Reclassified as an "Attack Aircraft Carrier"
and redesignated CVA-9, 1 October 1952.
- Modernized with an angled flight deck, enclosed
"hurricane" bow, etc. (project SCB-125) at the
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, July 1955-March 1956.
- Reclassified as an "Antisubmarine Warfare Support
Aircraft Carrier" and redesignated CVS-9, 8 March
1960.
- Underwent FRAM-II modernization, March-September 1962,
at the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
- Fate: Sold and scrapped in Kearny, NJ.
Specifications
(As built, 1942)
Displacement: 27,100 tons standard; 36,380 tons
full load
Dimensions (wl): 820' x 93' x 28.5' (full load) / 249.9
x 28.3 x 8.7 (full load) meters
Dimensions (max.): 872' x 147.5' / 265.8
x 45 meters
Armor: 4"-2.5" belt; 1.5" hangar
& protective deck(s); 4" bulkheads; 1.5" STS
(top, side of pilot house); 2.5" (top) steering gear
Power plant: 8 boilers (565 psi, 850°F); 4
steam turbines; 4 shafts; 150,000 shp (design)
Speed: 32.7 knots
Endurance (design): 20,000 nautical miles @ 15
knots
Armament: 4 twin & 4 single 5"/38 gun
mounts; 8 quad 40-mm/56-cal gun mounts; 46 single 20-mm/70-cal
guns mounts
Aircraft: 90 (Air Group 9, October 1943)
Aviation facilities: 1 deck-edge, 2 centerline
elevators; completed without catapults (an H-2 was fitted to
the starboard side of the flight deck at Norfolk, April–May
1943, after shakedown cruise)
Crew: 2,600+ (ship's company + air wing, as
designed)
(After SCB-27A, 1951)
Displacement: 28,200 tons standard; 40,600 tons
full load
Dimensions (wl): 819.1' x 101.4' x 29.7' (full
load) / 249.7 x 30.9 x 9.1 (full load)
meters
Dimensions (max.): 898.1' x 151.9' / 273.7
x 46.3 meters
Armor: belt replaced by blister with 60-lb STS
Power plant: (as above)
Speed: 31.7 (max) / 30 (sust) knots
Endurance (design): n/a
Armament: 8 single 5"/38 gun mounts; 14
twin 3"/50 gun mounts
Aircraft: 70+
Aviation facilities: 1 deck-edge, 2 centerline
elevators; 2 hydraulic catapults (H 8)
Crew: ~2,900 (ship's company + air wing)
(After SCB-125, 1956)
Displacement: 30,800 tons standard; 41,200 tons
full load
Dimensions (wl): 824.5' x 101' x 30.1' (full
load) / 251.3 x 30.8 x 9.2 (full load)
meters
Dimensions (max.): 890' x 196' / 271.3
x 59.7 meters
Armor: (as above)
Power plant: (as above)
Speed: 32 (max) / 30.3 (sust) knots
Endurance (design): n/a
Armament: 7 single 5"/38 gun mounts; 4 twin
3"/50 gun mounts
Aircraft: ~70 (CVA role), ~50 (CVS role)
Aviation facilities: 2 deck-edge, 1 centerline
elevators; 2 hydraulic catapults (H 8)
Crew: 2,300+ (ship's company + air wing)
Click On Image
For Full Size Image |
Size |
Image Description |
Contributed
By And/Or Copyright |
1942
— 1947
|
The
Early Years — World War II
|
NS0209ab |
532k |
USS Essex (CV-9), World War II.
Overhead plan and starboard profile meticulously
drawn by John Robert Barrett. Available from Navy
Yard Associates (if you decide to purchase artwork
from them please indicate that you heard about their
work from NavSource).
|
Navy
Yard Associates |
NS020938 |
91k |
Essex just after launch, July 31st,
1942 at Newport News Shipbuilding.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020939e |
132k |
Essex at inclining, 19 December 1942.
Quarter port, bow. Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry
Dock Company photo.
|
Ed Zajkowski |
NS020939 |
112k |
Essex at inclining, 19 December 1942,
looking starboard to island. Newport News Shipbuilding
& Dry Dock Company photo. Notice she hasn't had
her SK and SC air search radar and Mk 4 fire control
radars added yet.
|
Original photo submitted by Steve Whitby.
Larger copy submitted by Pieter Bakels |
NS020939d |
170k |
Essex at inclining, 19 December 1942.
Flight deck, looking forward. Newport News
Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company photo.
|
Ed Zajkowski |
NS020939b |
188k |
Essex at inclining, 19 December 1942.
Flight deck, looking aft. Newport News Shipbuilding
& Dry Dock Company photo.
|
Original photo submitted by Pieter Bakels.
Replacement photo by Ed Zajkowski. |
NS020939a |
100k |
Essex at inclining, 19 December 1942,
looking forward. Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry
Dock Company photo.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020939c |
108k |
Forward 5"/38 gun mounts and island of Essex
(CV-9), 19 December 1942.
|
Gerd Matthes, Germany |
NS0209ad |
88k |
Essex (CV-9) on sea trials off the
coast of Virginia, December 1942.
|
Gerd Matthes, Germany |
NS020941 |
101k |
Right after commissioning, Dec. 31st. 1942.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020940 |
101k |
Essex leaving Newport News for
Norfolk Navy yard, Dec. 31st. 1942.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020940a |
155k |
Uncropped version of photo NS020940,
above.
|
Ron Titus |
NS020983 |
127k |
Official U.S. Navy photograph of USS Essex
(CV-9). Aerial, broad side on port bow view taken at
Hampton Roads, Va., and dated 1 February 1943. Photo
from the U.S. Naval Photographic Center, U.S. Naval
Station Anacostia, Washington, D.C. (serial number USN
36007).
|
Robert M. Cieri |
NS020983a |
43k |
Port broadside photo of USS Essex
(CV-9) on 1 February 1943, one month after being
commissioned. The ship is painted in Measure 21
camouflage scheme and is completing shakedown cruises
off Norfolk Navy Yard before leaving for the Pacific
War Zone.
Photo from the Naval Recognition Manual files
(1943–1945).
|
Mike Green |
NS020968 |
67k |
USS Essex (CV-9) at Hampton Roads,
Norfolk, VA, 3 February 1943, just one month after
commissioning. US Navy photo.
|
Robert Hurst |
NS020972 |
59k |
USS Essex (CV-9) underway in the
Pacific, date unknown (probably 1943—thanks to Tracy
White—.) She is camouflaged in Measure 21.
|
Robert Hurst |
NS020913 |
90k |
Scene on the flight deck, looking aft from the
carrier's island during her shakedown cruise, 20 March
1943. Planes parked on deck are F6F-3 fighters (in
foreground, with wings folded) and SBD-4 scout
bombers.
Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the
collections of the National Archives (photo #
80-G-K-698).
|
Scott Dyben |
NS020914 |
138k |
Underway at 1615 hrs. during May 1943, in position
37 05'N, 74 15'E, as photographed from a blimp from
squadron ZP-14. Among the aircraft parked on her
flight deck are 24 SBD scout bombers (parked aft),
about 11 F6F fighters (parked in after part of the
midships area) and about 18 TBF/TBM torpedo planes
(parked amidships).
Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the
collections of the National Archives (photo #
80-G-68097).
|
Scott Dyben |
NS020942 |
113k |
Essex in San Francisco for a refit,
April 15th, 1944. At this time, she had her dazzle
paint (Measure 32, Design 6/10D) applied. Photo shows
her loading new SB2C-3's.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020942a |
113k |
Four more images of USS Essex (CV-9)
after her San Francisco refit, April 15, 1944.
Modifications are circled. Note that Essex
had a single quad 40-mm gun mount on the fantail, left
of centerline.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020942b |
171k |
David Buell |
NS020942c |
142k |
NS020942d |
142k |
NS020942e |
217k |
Port bow view of USS Essex (CV-9)
underway, 15 April 1944, after refit at Hunters Point
Navy Yard. She had Measure 32, Design 6/10D camouflage
scheme applied during her refit.
This image is part of an album collected by CAPT
Carlos W. Wieber during his command of Essex,
7 August 1944–30 June 1945.
US Navy and Marine Corps Museum/Naval Aviation
Museum, Photo No.1983.046.010.001.
|
Mike Green |
NS020942f |
180k |
Port broadside view of USS Essex
(CV-9) underway, 15 April 1944, after refit at Hunters
Point Navy Yard. She had Measure 32, Design 6/10D
camouflage scheme applied during her refit.
This image is part of an album collected by CAPT
Carlos W. Wieber during his command of Essex,
7 August 1944–30 June 1945.
US Navy and Marine Corps Museum/Naval Aviation
Museum, Photo No.1983.046.010.002.
|
NS020995 |
147k |
Fresh from her San Francisco refit,
USS Essex (CV-9) is seen ferrying
aircraft in the Pacific, April 1944. Note the bridge
had been modified by removing the island's forward
40-mm quad gun mount and extending the flag bridge.
|
Robert M. Cieri |
NS020976 |
38k |
Model of USS Essex (CV-9) painted in
Measure 32, Design 6/10D camouflage, as she appeared
during most of 1944.
|
Courtesy of Joel Rosen, Motion
Models |
NS020985 |
121k |
Model of USS Essex (CV-9), as she
appeared during World War 2, on display at the National
Naval Aviation Museum, Pensacola, Florida. Photos
taken on 13 June 2008.
|
Photos by Judson Phillips |
NS020985a |
78k |
NS0209ac |
122k |
Bombing Squadron (VB) 15 combat aircrewmen and
crew, NAS Puunene, Maui, T.H., April 1944.
Standing (l to r): Fraoli, Schmidt, Shetler,
Flanagan, Krueger, Cribb, Lowe, Henry, Duncan, Swihart,
John, Guilbeau, Sheehan, Forrest, Whitby,
Downey, Dobbie, Dwyer, Frobom, Lemieux, Graham, O.C.
Adams.
Middle row (l to r): McPherson, Corey, Jackson,
Rowland, McConnell, Laborde, Stienkemeyer, Penza,
Hooten, Miller, Murphy, Gotsis, Hogue, Terrell, Kataja,
Sharron, Dorosh, Bussy, Murray, Harris, Hammons,
Fowler, Hughes, C.A. Adams.
Front row (l to r): Magel, Gledhill, Ness, Clark,
Holland, Hoole, Peterson, Pate, North, Robbins,
Kissell.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS0209aca |
99k |
Aviation Radioman, Second Class (ARM2c), Stanley
Nelson Whitby, USNR, of Peckville, PA, Bombing
Squadron 15 (VB-15) aboard USS Essex
(CV-9). ARM2c Whitby was killed in action on 13
October 1944, while Air Group 15 was conducting
attacks on Formosa and the Pescadores Islands. ARM2c
Whitby earned the Navy-Marine Corps Medal, Air
Medal with two Gold Stars, and the Purple Heart.
|
NS020993 |
86k |
Officers of Torpedo Squadron Fifteen (VT-15) aboard
USS Essex (CV-9). Photo taken at Majuro
Atoll sometime between 15 and 19 May 1944. Hand
written id's by Bob Cosgrove (note cryptic note at the
bottom). About half the men in this picture would earn
the Navy Cross in October–November 1944, and at
least three of them (Otto R. Bleech, Edwin S.
Filipczak and Paul E. Southard, Jr.) would be killed
in action in 1944–5.
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son
of Robert D. Cosgrove |
NS020993a |
56k |
NS020993b |
81k |
Men of Torpedo Squadron Fifteen (VT-15) aboard USS Essex
(CV-9). Photo taken at Majuro Atoll sometime between
15 and 19 May 1944. Hand written id's by Bob
Cosgrove—his crewmen (Digby Denzel and Loyce Deen)
are at the far left, rows 1 & 2.
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son
of Robert D. Cosgrove |
NS020993c |
157k |
NS020944 |
77k |
This SB2C Helldiver of VB-15 had its rudder
practically torn off over Marcus Island, 19 May 1944,
but Lt(jg) James Wanner Barnitz was able to bring it
back aboard Essex. Gunner was ARM3c
Herbert N. Stienkmeyer, USNR.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020943 |
118k |
Good shot of VB-15 and VT-15 aircraft on the Essex,
turning into the wind, May 27th, 1944 just before the
Marianas campaign. The light carrier is San
Jacinto (CVL-30) and the Essex-class
carrier is Wasp,
(CV-18).
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020945 |
151k |
Lt(jg) Cliff Jordan and his gunner, ARM2c
Stan Whitby, from VB-15, return from a mission in
support of the invasion of Saipan with damage to the
right elevator and stabilizer, 19 June 1944. They shot
down a Japanese Kate torpedo bomber with their
SB2C-3 Helldiver in the process!
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020954 |
133k |
TBM-1C from VT-15 aboard Essex having
wounded removed, October 1944.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020955 |
91k |
CDR David McCampbell, Commander, Air Group 15, in
his F6F-5 Hellcat, "Minsi III". This
photo must have been taken after October 24, 1944. On
that day, CDR McCampbell shot down nine Japanese
aircraft, to raise his total to 30. He became the
Navy's top "Ace," with 34 confirmed air
victories (plus 20 aircraft destroyed on the ground).
|
Photo by LCDR Paul S. Rundall, USN(Ret).
Contributed by his grandson, Ryan Romero |
NS020946 |
98k |
Lt(jg) William S. Rising (right) and his
radioman/gunner, ARM2c John W. Montgomery, of VB-15,
were shot down over Manila Bay on 6 November 1944.
They spent almost seven weeks crawling through rice
paddies and avoiding Japanese forces on Luzon and
Mindoro with the help of friendly Filipinos until
finally picked up by PT boats on 23 December.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020994 |
178k |
Bob Cosgrove giving a brief aboard USS Essex
(CV-9) prior to a raid on Formosa.
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son of Robert D.
Cosgrove |
NS020900 |
146k |
Bob Cosgrove and crew in front of a TBM Avenger.
From left, Digby Denzel (radioman), Bob Cosgrove
(pilot), Loyce Deen (gunner).
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son
of Robert D. Cosgrove |
NS020900a |
173k |
Bob Cosgrove landing his TBM-1C Avenger,
BuNo 46353, on USS Essex (CV-9), with
his dead gunner, Loyce Deen, killed by an AA shell
exploding in the turret while on a run on an IJN
cruiser in Manila Bay, 5 November 1944.
"[T]he pilot was an expert for the plane was a
wreck and barely flyable." (Philip A. St. John, USS
Essex CV/CVA/CVS-9, (Paducah, KY: Turner
Publishing, 1999), 40.)
|
NS020900b |
89k |
Deck crewman has covered up Deen while a decision
is being made what to do with the aircraft, which
sustained heavy battle damage.
|
NS020900c |
93k |
Deen will be buried in his plane. The service on
the fantail with the chaplain standing on the wing of
the plane. In attendance, RADM Frederick C. Sherman,
Task Group 38.3 commander, and David L. McDonald, XO
of Essex and eventually CNO
(1963–1967).
|
NS020900d |
137k |
TBM-1C Avenger BuNo 46353 pushed off the
flight deck after the completion of the funeral
service.
|
NS020992 |
160k |
Left to right: Bob Chaffe, Bob Cosgrove, Harry
Goodwin, Jerry Crumley, Charlie Hurd, Walt Harper. All
pilots in Torpedo Squadron Fifteen (VT-15). Taken
early November 1944 after an awards ceremony, shortly
before the air group left USS Essex
(CV-9). Chaffe, Cosgrove, Goodwin and Crumley were
eventually awarded Navy Crosses for action during the
Battle of Leyte Gulf, 24–25 October 1944.
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son of Robert D.
Cosgrove |
NS0209aa
.PDF file
Get FREE Adobe Reader |
650k |
CAPT Robert D. Cosgrove's Aviators Flight Log Book
while he was aboard USS Essex (CV-9),
April–November 1944.
|
CDR Michael Cosgrove (Ret.), son of Robert D.
Cosgrove |
NS020991 |
157k |
USS Essex (CV-9) refueling from the
T2-SE-A1 oiler USS Tallulah
(AO-50) in a heavy sea off Luzon, 9 November 1944.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020911a |
93k |
A Japanese kamikaze hits USS Essex
(CV-9) on November 25, 1944 during naval operations
under Admiral Halsey in support of US landings on
Leyte. (See also NS020911.)
|
Robert Hurst |
NS015714k |
204k |
USS Essex (CV-9) takes a hit, as seen
from USS South
Dakota (BB-57).
"On 25 November 1944, for the first time in
her far-ranging operations and destruction to the
enemy, Essex received injury. A kamikaze
hit the port edge of her flight deck landing among
planes gassed for takeoff, causing extensive damage,
killing 15, and wounding 44." (Quoted from DANFS.)
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020911 |
84k |
Japanese Kamikaze aircraft explodes after
crashing into the carrier's flight deck amidships,
during operations off the Philippines, 25 November
1944. Photographed from USS Langley
(CVL-27).
Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the
collections of the National Archives (photo #
80-G-273032).
(See also NS020911a.)
|
Scott Dyben |
NS020911b |
54k |
USS Essex (CV-9), November 1944,
following a kamikaze hit. The ammo cans are
visible on the bulkhead inboard of the catwalk.
National Archives photo # 80-G-270718.
(See also NS020911a.)
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020921 |
64k |
Fire aboard USS Essex (CV-9) after an
F6F-5P's Hellcat drop tank burst on landing, 16
December 1944.
National Archives (College Park, MD) photo #
80-G-301346.
|
Tracy White, Researcher
@ Large |
NS020949 |
86k |
Ship's newspaper logo, circa 1944-1945.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020956 |
105k |
(Poor quality) photo of a VT-83 TBM heading for a
water landing after having most of its tail shot away,
early-mid 1945. Tough bird!
|
Steve Whitby |
NS021743 |
203K |
Task Group 58.3, under Rear Admiral Frederick C.
Sherman, departs Ulithi on 10 February 1945. Seen from
USS Bunker
Hill (CV-17) are USS Cowpens
(CVL-25), left, and USS Essex (CV-9),
center.
Task Force 58 conducted attacks against the Tokyo
area (16–17, and 25 February) both to neutralize the
enemy's airpower before the landings on Iwo Jima (19
February) and to cripple the aircraft manufacturing
industry.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020947 |
147k |
Underway, March 1945. By this time she had been
repainted into Measure 21 camouflage.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020957 |
133k |
A VB-83 SB2C-4 from Essex, March
1945.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020948 |
101k |
VB-83's SB2C-4's Helldivers during the
Okinawa Invasion, April 1st, 1945.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020960 |
76k |
Corsairs from VBF-83 flying from the Essex
in March of 1945. Essex had the first
F4U-1D/FG-1D's deployed on a fleet carrier. Note that
the ship's fighter squadron, VF-83, was equipped with
F6F Hellcats.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS020961 |
93k |
A Corsair just about to plow through a wave
breaking over the bow with full flaps, full up
elevators and full right rudder.
|
Steve Whitby |
NS0209ai |
84k |
F4U Corsairs and F6F Hellcats of Air
Group 83 aboard USS Essex (CV-9), during
the Okinawa Campaign.
|
Robert Rocker |
NS0209ak |
167k |
A Marine Corps F4U-1D Corsair comes in for a
landing aboard the carrier USS Essex
(CV-9). Photo USN.
From Aircraft
Carriers, by Norman Polmar.
|
Robert Hurst |
NS020989 |
50k |
Partial view of USS Essex (CV-9)
flight and hangar decks, looking down elevator shaft.
Photo by Paul Madden CPHOM.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS015703q |
693k |
USS South
Dakota (BB-57)—background—firing, as seen
from USS Essex (CV-9), during the
occupation of Okinawa. USN photo.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS015701b |
333k |
Anti-aircraft bursts from Task Force 58 as a
Japanese plane is hit and explodes just beyond USS Essex
(CV-9), in an action off Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, 11
April 1945. Photo taken from USS South
Dakota (BB-57). USN photo.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020915 |
124k |
USS Essex (CV-9) receiving provisions
via highline from USS Mercury (AK-42) on 27
April 1945, while operating off Okinawa. Essex
crewmen in the foreground are stacking bags of flour.
Note man on Mercury's forward hatch, directing
the hoisting of another load from her hold.
Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the
collections of the National Archives (photo #
80-G-373777).
|
Scott Dyben |
NS020916 |
122k |
Underway at sea during the Okinawa Campaign, 20 May
1945. Note that her air group contains both F4U and
F6F fighters.
Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the
collections of the National Archives (photo #
80-G-373816).
|
Scott Dyben |
NS020990 |
65k |
TBM Avengers and SB2C Helldivers from
Essex Air Group 83 dropping bombs on
Hakodate, Japan, July 1945.
|
Pieter Bakels |
NS020958 |
91k |
Men of USS Essex posed in front of
the ship's scoreboard, mid-1945.
|
Photo by LCDR Paul S. Rundall, USN(Ret).
Contributed by his grandson, Ryan Romero |
NS020959 |
112k |
"Essex-class aircraft carrier."
(From a Russian publication).
This drawing shows the appearance of a "short
hull" Essex late in the war, with two
lattice radio masts, island structure modified with an
extended flag bridge and one quad 40-mm gun mount
removed, and up to 18 quad Bofors gun mounts (16
visible here plus one or two on the bow, hidden by the
flight deck). Essex herself, however,
carried her original five lattice radio masts through
the entire war and had no more than eleven 40-mm
mounts: one on the bow and one on the stern, one on
each 5" sponson, two on the (never fitted) hangar
deck catapult's port side extension, three on the
island and two on the starboard quarter.
|
Alex Tatchin |
For more photos and information about this ship,
see:
|
View the USS Essex (CV-9 / CVA-9 / CVS-9)
DANFS
History entry located on the Naval Historical Center Web Site.
Crew
Contact and Reunion Information |
|
Comments, Suggestions or Image submissions, E-mail Carrier
Information
Problems and site related matters, E-mail Webmaster
This page was created by Paul Yarnall
and is maintained by Fabio Peña
Last update: 18 November 2013
|
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY -- NAVAL HISTORY AND
HERITAGE COMMAND
805 KIDDER BREESE SE -- WASHINGTON NAVY YARD
WASHINGTON DC 20374-5060
http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/e5/essex-iv.htm |
Essex
A
town and county in Massachusetts.
IV
(CV-9;
dp. 27,100; l. 872'; b. 93'; ew. 147'6"; dr. 28'7";
s. 33 k.; cpl. 3,448; a. 12 5"; cl. Essex)
The
fourth Essex (CV-9) was launched 31 July 1942 by
Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. sponsored
by Mrs. Artemus L. Gates, wife of the Assistant
Secretary of the Navy for Air; and commissioned
31 December 1942, Captain D. B. Duncan commanding.
She was reclassified (CVA-9) on 1 October
1952, and (CVS-9) on 8 March 1960.
Following
her shakedown cruise Essex sailed to the Pacific in May
1943 to begin a succession of victories which would bring her
to Tokyo Bay. Departing Pearl Harbor,
she participated with TF 15 in carrier operations
against Marcus Island (31 August 1943); was designated
flagship of TF 14 and struck Wake Island (5-6
October); launched an attack with TG 50.3 against
the Gilbert Islands where she also took part in her
first amphibious assault, the landing on Tarawa (18-23
November). Refueling at sea, she cruised as
flagship of TG 50.3 to attack Kwajalein (4 December). Her
second amphibious assault delivered in company with
TG 58.2 was against the Marshalls (29 January-2
February 1944).
Essex
in
TG 58.2 now joined with TG 58.1 and 58.3, to
constitute the most formidable carrier striking force to date,
in launching an attack against Truk (17-18 February)
during which eight Japanese ships were sunk.
En route to the Marianas to sever Japanese supply
lines, the carrier force was detected and received a
prolonged aerial attack which it repelled in a businesslike
manner and then continued with the scheduled attack
upon Saipan, Tinian and Guam (23 February).
After
this operation Essex proceeded to San Francisco
for her single wartime overhaul. She then joined carriers
Wasp (CV-18) and San Jacinto (CVL-30) in TG
12.1 to strike Marcus Island (19-20 May) and Wake (23
May). She deployed with TF 58 to support the occupation
of the Marianas (12 June—10 August); sortied
with TG 38.3 to lead an attack against the Palau
Islands (6-8 September), and Mindanao (9-10 September)
with enemy shipping as the main target, and
remained in the area to support landings on Peleliu. On 2
October she weathered a typhoon and 4 days later departed
with TF 38 for the Ryukyus.
For
the remainder of 1944 she continued her frontline
action, participating in strikes against Okinawa (10
October), and Formosa (12-14 October), covering the
Leyte landings, taking part in the battle for Leyte Gulf
(24-25 October), and continuing the search for enemy
fleet units until 30 October when she returned to
Ulithi, Caroline Islands, for replenishment. She resumed
the offensive and delivered attacks on Manila and
the northern Philippine Islands during November. On
25 November, for the first time in her far-ranging operations
and destruction to the enemy, Essex received
injury. A kamikaze hit the port edge of her flight deck
landing among planes gassed for takeoff, causing
extensive damage, killing 15, and wounding 44.
This
"cramped her style" very little. Following quick repairs
we find her with 3d Fleet off Luzon supporting the
occupation of Mindoro (14-16 December). She rode out
the typhoon of 18 December and made special search
for survivors afterwards. With TG 38.3 she participated
in the Lingayen Gulf operations, launched strikes
against Formosa, Sakishima, Okinawa, and Luzon.
Entering the South China Sea in search of enemy surface
forces, the task force pounded shipping and
conducted strikes on Formosa, the China coast, Hainan,
and Hong Kong. Essex withstood the onslaught
of the third typhoon in 4 months (20-21 January 1945) before
striking again at Formosa, Miyakp
Shima and Okinawa (26-27 January).
During
the remainder of the war she operated with TF
58, conducting attacks against the Tokyo area (16-17,
and 25 February) both to neutralize the enemy's airpower
before the landings on Iwo Jima and to cripple
the aircraft manufacturing industry. She sent support
missions against Iwo Jima and neighboring islands,
but from 23 March to 28 May was employed primarily
to support the conquest of Okinawa.
In
the closing days of the war, Essex took part in the
final telling raids against the Japanese home islands (10
July-15 August). Following the surrender, she continued
defensive combat air patrols until 3 September
when she was ordered to Bremerton, Wash., for inactivation.
On 9 January 1947 she was placed out of
commission in reserve.
Modernization
endowed Essex with a new flight deck, and
a streamlined island superstructure, on 15 January 1951
when recommissioned, Captain A. W. Wheelock commanding.
After
a brief cruise in Hawaiian waters she began the
first of three tours in Far Eastern waters during the
Korean war. She served as flagship for Carrier Division
1 and TF 77. She was the first carrier to launch
F2H "Banshee" twin-jet fighters on combat missions;
on 16 September 1951 one of these planes,
damaged in combat,
crashed into aircraft parked on the
forward flight deck causing an explosion and fire which
killed seven. After repairs at Yokosuka she returned
to front-line action on 3 October to launch strikes
up to the Yalu River and provide close air support for
U.N. troops.
On
1 December 1953 she started her final tour of the war,
sailing the China Sea with the Peace Patrol. From November
1954 to June 1955 she engaged in training exercises,
operated for 3 months with the 7th Fleet, assisted
in the Tachen Islands evacuation, and engaged in
air operations and fleet maneuvers off Okinawa.
In
July 1955 Essex entered Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
for repairs and extensive alterations, including installation
of an angled flight deck. Modernization completed,
she rejoined the Pacific Fleet in March 1956. For
the next 14 months the carrier operated off the west
coast, except for a 6-month cruise with the 7th Fleet
in the Far East. Ordered to join the Atlantic Fleet
for the first time in her long career, she sailed from
San Diego on 21 June 1957, rounded Cape Horn, and arrived in
Mayport, Fla., on 1 August.
In
the fall of 1957 Essex participated as an antisubmarine
carrier in the NATO exercises, "Strike Back,"
and in February 1958 deployed with the 6th Fleet
until May when she shifted to the eastern Mediterranean.
Alerted to the Middle East crisis on
14 July 1958 she sped to support the U.S. Peace Force
landing in Beirut, Lebanon, launching reconnaissance
and patrol missions until 20 August. Once again she
was ordered to proceed to Asian waters, and transitted
the Suez Canal to arrive in the Taiwan operational
area where she joined TF 77 in conducting flight operations
before rounding the Horn and proceeding back
to Mayport.
Essex joined
with the 2d Fleet and British ships in Atlantic
exercises and with NATO forces in the eastern
Mediterranean during the fall of 1959. In December she aided
victims of a disastrous flood at Frejus, France.
In
the spring of 1960 she was converted into an ASW
Support Carrier and was thereafter homeported at
Quonset Point, R.I. Since that time she has operated as
flagship of Carrier Division 18 and Antisubmarine Carrier
Group Three. She conducted rescue and salvage operations
off the New Jersey coast for a downed blimp;
cruised with midshipmen, and was deployed on NATO
and CENTO exercises. In November she joined the
French navy in Operation "Jet Stream" and since that
time has continued her widespread activities in protection
of freedom and peace.
Essex received
the Presidential Unit Citation, and 13 battle
stars for World War II service; 4 battle stars and the Navy
Unit Commendation for Korean war service.
USS
Essex (CVA-9)
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USS
Essex CV-9 During WWII - photos
http://www.ussessexcv9.org/WWII01.htm |
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